BIBLIOGRAPHICAL CITATIONS

BIBLIOGRAPHICAL CITATIONS

Since there is commonly some confusion about the citation style and bibliographic style for the papers in a Medieval Studies class, here are some rules:

1) Only include material that you actually used in your paper; this is not a list of research books.

2) Make sure the citation and the bibliographic reference coincide. For example, you might have this in your text:


We Huns are widely known as conquerors of nations (Jordanes, 96), and we justly deserve this fame. . . .

In the bibliography, you would have:


Jordanes. History of the Goths. In Readings in Medieval History. Ed. Patrick Geary. 2nd Edition (Ontario: Broadview Press, 1997. Pp. 78-110.

3) For the Bible, cite it in this way:


. . . you Christians are said to glorify your God (Psalm 104:1) . . .

or


. . . your writer Paul says you must sacrifice yourselves (Romans 12:1) . . .

It should be alphabetized under "B" (unlike other books, the Bible is not normally italicized):


The Holy Bible. Trans. Ronald Knox (New York: Sheed and Ward, 1956).

4) Articles in the Dictionary of the Middle Ages should be cited by article author in the text:


. . . I have not be trained in your Roman rhetoric, but I know its value (Murphy, 351) . . .

In the Bibliography, this would be:


Murphy, James. "Rhetoric, Western European." In The Dictionary of the Middle Ages. Ed J. Strayer (New York: Scribner's, 1988- ). 10, 351-364.

The author's name can be found at the end of the article.

5) Web references: give the title of the page and the uniform resource locator--the web address:


Attila Home Page: http://www.ucdavis.edu/Attila_the_Hun

If an author is given, cite him in the text; otherwise, give the title:


. . . I'm now thinking of becoming an Accountant (Attila Home Page) . . .

Clearly you won't be able to give a page reference, but if some ordering system is being used, include that.

6) Office hours. If you found out something in office hours, please note that:


. . . I, Attila, believe that Honoria is free to marry (Office Hours), and

In the Bibliography, give the name of the person you talked with, and the date this occurred:


Office Hours, with Bea Crockett, Wednesday, 10/22/99.

Other Office Hours can be marked in differentiating ways.

7) Email citations. If a subject is given, and the author is known, place it alphabetically under the author's name:


the Huns were not particulary vicious (Gardiner, 10/21), nor were they particularly sarcastic (Gardiner, 10/22)


This can be entered as:


Gardiner, Francis. Subject: Attila the Hun. October 21, 1999.

_______. Subject: Re: Attila the Hun. October 22, 1999.

If no subject is given, you may simply list that:

Gardiner, Francis. Email message mst020a. October 21, 1999.